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For a good many years, British travellers have been fascinated by, 'the Dordogne", an area of France that conjures up an image of a return to rural life at a slow pace; it has even been said that the Dordogne, for the English, is imagined not really as an area of modern France - which it is - but more as an imaginary reproduction of a bygone rural England - which of course it is not - rather like a warmer and sunnier version of the old Cotswolds, where the houses are built of honey-coloured stone, the meadows are green and rich,  the locals all friendly and obliging country folk, and bemused French visitors can actually watch people playing cricket on the green - which indeed they can! Like Tuscany, the word Dordogne has become laden with bucolic symbolism and imagery to such an extent that it is useful to dig well below the surface and clarify what, exactly, the word "Dordogne"  really means, and what this area really is.

      In fact, the word "Dordogne Auvergne, Limousin, Midi-Pyrénées and d Aquitaine.
       The second meaning of the word is a French department (county), the "Département de la Dordogne", surrounding a long stretch of the lower Dordogne between hills and plain.
        Virtually the whole area is attractive hill country, full of old villages, castles, small country towns and plenty of scope for relaxing and enjoyable holidays. Much of the area, particularly further into the hills, is very much "off the beaten track", and just waiting to be discovered.d.
       
The department of the Dordogne (24)
       The heart of the "Dordogne" area is, naturally, the department of the Dordogne, centered on its capital Perigueux: the French tend to refer to this area not as "la Dordogne" but as "le Périgord", and in France the area is most famous for its gastronomic delights, notably paté de foie gras, walnuts and truffles. For tourists, the epicentre of this Dordogne is an area known as "le Périgord noir", situated in the south east of the department.  Centered on the town of Sarlat and the river Dordogne, this is the classic Dordogne, with its limestone cliffs, castles (such as Beynac) and picturesque villages such as Domme and Castelnaud, and also its world-famous caves with their prehistoric paintings. There is a museum of prehistory at Les Eyzies, while the grotto at Lascaux boasts the world's most famous prehistoric cave paintings. On account of the damage being caused by tourists, the real Lascaux cave, a UNESCO world heritage site,  was closed to visitors back in 1963, but an exact replica has been carved out underground close to the original location, and the visitor experience is totally authentic. There are other prehistoric caves that can be visited at Font de Gaume and Cap Blanc, and even a prehistoric theme park, Prehistoparc. Perigord Noir is not a mountain region; it is hill country, mostly at an altitude of between 200 and 350, metres.
       West of Perigord Noir lies Périgord Pourpre, the area round Bergerac; this is a low lying area, the limits of the coastal plain, a region most famous for its wines and vineyards. As for the north of the department, this is known as Périgord Vert, Green Perigord, a greener and more undulating region of small villages and farms, streams and rivers.

        Upstream from the Dordogne department, the hills get higher and the valley gets deeper. A traveller moving upstream would reach, in succession, the following departments, which are described in more detail below: below: Lot Corrèze, Cantal, Puy de Dome.

The department of the Lot (46)
& The river Dordogne just passes through the northern tip of the Lot department; but this is a department that has also become very popular with visitors from Britain, Holland and other parts, and the Lot valley in particular has acquired an attraction of its own. Like the Dordogne, this is limestone country, and until recent years was actually more off the beaten track than the Dordogne. The department boasts one of France's major tourist attractions, the village of Rocamadour, perched up and down a steep cliff face overlooking the valley of the Ouysse. Like the Dordogne, the department has a number of spectacular underground caves, including the Gouffre de Padirac.
        In the north west of the department, the land is higher, rising to 500 metres; but this is still delightful and soft countryside. The capital of the Lot is the beautiful small city of Cahors, famous for its mediaeval streets and its unique surviving 14th century bridge, the Pont de Valentré.
          Cahors was once capital of a region known as the Quercy, which is nowadays made up of virtually the whole of the Lot department, plus part of the Lot et Garonne department to the south west. The name Quercy derives from the Latin word quercus, meaning an oak tree, and naturally this is a region rich in oak forests - not the massive oaks of old England, but smaller oaks of southern Europe.  The Quercy is a limestone plateau, cut through by numerous streams and rivers.

The Department of Corrèze (19)
        Before entering the Lot, the river Dordogne flows through the department of Corrèze, capital Tulle, which is administratively part of the Limousin region. We are now in the Massif Central mountains, and apart from the western tip of the department, most of the Corrèze lies between the altitudes of 600 and 800 metres. With higher hills, the climate is not so dry and hot in summer as the areas to the south west, and Corrèze boasts a fine collection of very beautiful small towns and villages, notably Collonges la Rouge  - so named on acount of the red sandstone from which it is built - Curemonte and Turenne.
        Cutting through the south west part of the department, the river Dordogne passes through some beautiful small towns and villages, such as Beaulieu and Argentat; and north of Argentat, the hills get higher and the valley deeper as the traveller enters the higher reaches of this river, the Dordogne gorges. From near its source in the Puy de Dôme, down as far as Argentat, the Dordogne has cut a deep valley through the mountains. Up above, the plateaux of the western Massif Central offer wide areas of upland farm country, fields and forests; this is an area which tends to remain green all through the summer, even in the driest of years.


The Department of the Aveyron (12) The Department of the Aveyron (capital Rodez) includes much of the central areas of the valley of the Lot, which is an increasingly popular area. It is however a very varied department, running from the low-lying area round Villefranche de Rouergue in the west, an area similar to the Quercy, to the moors of the Aubrac, at 1200 metres, near Laguiole in the north,  the dry uplands of the Causse du Larzac, near Millau in the east, and the rolling agricultural countryside, with its fields and hedgerows, almost English-looking, in a sandstone area known as the Ségala, in the south. The valley of the Lot runs parallel to that of the Dordogne, and generally divides the limestone causses area to the south from the higher mountains to the north. The Lot valley is low-lying compared to the countrside around it; the traditional buildings in this area are roofed with local slate or shale.